I maintain a few wordpress websites and every time I install multiple updates, I have to click through the sites to see if everything still works. Small, potential design issues could still be overseen. To simplify and to improve this process, I created a python script that takes multiple screenshots of the website. This script is executed before and after the upgrade. Once this is done, I execute another script that compares the screenshots and shows if there are any differences. This blog post is about those two scripts – one that takes screenshots, another that compares two images.
The screenshot taker script uses selenium and therefore, we need to download the selenium webdriver at first. The second script uses pillow library in python to compare images:
Prerequisites
- Download and install webdriver
- extract exe into a folder and add folder path to PATH
- Install selenium and pillow:
pip install selenium pip install pillow # or # python -m pip install selenium # python -m pip install pillow
Python script to take screenshots of a website
The following is the simplified version of the “screenshot taker” script. It contains the hardcoded URL and a hardcoded list of subsites. Later in this blog post, I will link a nicer one which accepts arguments, crawls the website for urls and allows a few more parameters.
import os from datetime import datetime from time import sleep from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options siteurl = "https://arminreiter.com" screen_width = 2560 screen_height = 1440 output_directory = 'output_' + datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S') sites = [ "/", "/about", "/resources", "/privacy-policy"] options = Options() options.add_argument("--headless") driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options) driver.set_window_size(screen_width, screen_height) os.makedirs(output_directory , exist_ok=True) for url in sites: print("get " + url + "...") filename = url.replace('/','_') + ".png" driver.get(siteurl + url) sleep(3) outfile = os.path.join(output_directory, filename) driver.get_screenshot_as_file(outfile) driver.quit()
Even the script above contains the hardcoded urls and only takes screenshots, it should already be sufficient for many use cases. When the script ran, we will have screenshots of our website. If we run it before and after the upgrade, we will have screenshots to compare. So, lets write the script that allows us to compare two images:
Python script to compare two images
import argparse import os from datetime import datetime from PIL import Image, ImageChops parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument("--first", "-f", help="path to the first folder for image comparison", required=True) parser.add_argument("--second", "-s", help="path to the second folder for image comparison", required=True) args = parser.parse_args() dir1 = args.first dir2 = args.second outputdir = 'result_' + datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S') for filename in os.listdir(dir1): file1 = os.path.join(dir1, filename) file2 = os.path.join(dir2, filename) im1 = Image.open(file1) im2 = Image.open(file2) print('Compare ' + filename + ' (' + file1 + ' AND ' + file2 + ')') diff_img = ImageChops.difference(im1, im2).convert('RGB') if diff_img.getbbox(): outpath = outputdir + '/' + filename + "-s.png" print("Images are different, store difference in " + outpath) os.makedirs(outputdir , exist_ok=True) diff_img.save(outpath) else: print("Images are equal")
Improved Python Scripts
The following scripts are improved version of the two above. The improved screenshot script takes the url of the website and the screen resolution as parameters. It uses a webservice to get all subsites of the website and takes screenshots of each subsites. The number of subsites can be limited by using the -l parameter.
The image compare script is just extended by a description and 1-2 small adoptions.
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